Which of the following factors can directly affect a credit score?

The amount of credit available to a borrower is a significant factor that directly impacts a credit score. Credit scores are primarily determined by various factors encapsulated within an individual's credit report, which includes credit utilization, payment history, length of credit history, types of credit in use, and new credit inquiries.

When a borrower has a larger amount of credit available, it can help keep their credit utilization ratio low. This ratio measures how much credit is being used compared to the total available credit. A lower utilization ratio is typically viewed positively by credit scoring models, which can result in a higher credit score. Therefore, managing the amount of credit available effectively contributes to maintaining a good credit rating and reflects responsible financial behavior.

The other options do not have a direct influence on credit scores. For example, financial statement details, contact information, and investment portfolios are irrelevant in the evaluation of credit repayment capability and history, which is what credit scores fundamentally assess.